The table of tax rates below provides a comparative view of taxation across the globe. Aspects that are considered include:
- Income Tax
The income of individuals is often taxed at different rates to the profits of corporations. The nature of taxation can also vary between territorial or residential systems, with territorial systems affecting locally earned incomes, and residential systems affecting the local and foreign incomes of residents.
- Social Security
Social security contributions are taxes collected from employers and employees, in order to fund social insurance benefits such as state pensions and unemployment benefits.
- VAT
Value added taxes (or equivalent consumption taxes) are often added to the purchase of goods and services. More than 140 countries collect value added taxes, with the general trend being for this system to replace conventional sales taxes. Approximately 20% of worldwide tax revenue is as a result of VAT.
- Withholding
Withholding taxes are a form of up-front taxation, taken in advance of the due date for payment of final tax liability. These can often affect dividends, interest, and royalties.
| Jurisdiction | Income Tax | Social Security* | VAT | Withholding | ||||
| Corporate | Individual | Employer | Employee | Dividend | Interest | Royalties | ||
| Algeria | 19%-25% | 20%-35% | 26% | 9% | 20% | 15% | 10% | 24% |
| Andorra | 10% | 10% | 0% | 0% | 4.5% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Anguilla | 0% | 0% | 5% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Argentina | 35% | 9%-35% | 23%-27% | 17% | 21% | 0%-35% | 15%-35% | 12%-35% |
| Armenia | 10%-20% | 24.4%-36% | 3% | (Regressive) | 20% | 10% | 10% | 10% |
| Aruba | 28% | 7%-55.85% | 26.55% | 9.6% | 3% | 0%-10% | 0% | 0% |
| Australia | 30% | 29%-45% | 0% | 0% | 10% | 30% | 10% | 30% |
| Austria | 25% | 20.44%-50% | 21.83% | 18.2% | 20% | 25% | 0% | 20% |
| Azerbaijan | 20% | 14%-25% | 22% | 3% | 18% | 10% | 10% | 14% |
| Bahamas | 0% | 0% | 5.9% | 3.9% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Bahrain | 0% | 0% | 12% | 11% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Bangladesh | 20% | 14%-25% | 0% | 0% | 18% | 20% | 10% | 10% |
| Barbados | 15% | 20-35% | 11.25% | 10.1% | 0% | 0%-15% | 0%-15% | 0%-15% |
| Belgium | 24.25%-33% | 25%-50% | 35% | 13.07% | 21% | 21%-25% | 21% | 15% |
| Belize | 25% | 25% | 5.35% | 3.18% | 12.5% | 15% | 15% | 0% |
| Bermuda | 0% | 0% | BMD 1667.64 per year | BMD 1667.64 per year | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Bolivia | 25% | 12.5%-13% | 18.71% | 12.21% | 13% | 12.5% | 12.5% | 12.5% |
| Bosnia | 10% | 10% | 10.5% | 31% | 17% | 0%-5% | 10% | 10% |
| Botswana | 22% (branches 30%) | 5%-25% | 0% | 0% | 12% | 7.5% | 15% | 15% |
| Brazil | 15% | 7.5%-27.5% | 37.3% | 11% | 7%-25% | 0% | 15%-25% | 15%-25% |
| British Virgin Islands | 0% | 0% | 3.25% | 3.25% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Brunei | 22% | 0% | 8.5% | 8.5% | 0% | 0% | 15% | 10% |
| Bulgaria | 10% | 10% | 18.5% | 12.9% | 20% | 5% | 10% | 10% |
| Canada | 15% (local income tax 1%-16%) (branches 25%) | 29% (provincial tax 10%-21%) (non-resident tax 7.2%-13.92%) | 11.7% | 6.73% | 5% | 25% | 0%-25% | 0%-25% |
| Cayman Islands | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Chile | 20% | 4%-40% | 8.62% | 20% | 19% | 35% | 35% | 15%-30% |
| China | 25% | 3%-45% | 30% | 11% | 17% | 10% | 10% | 10% |
| Colombia | 34% | 19%-33% | 4%-6% | 12% | 16% | 0%-33% | 14%-33% | 33% |
| Cook Islands | 20% | 20%-30% | – | – | 17% | 15% | 15% | 15% |
| Costa Rica | 10%-30% | 0%-15% | 26.17% | 9.17% | 13% | 0%-5% | 0%-15% | 25% |
| Croatia | 20% | 12-40% | 15.20% | 20% | 25% | 12%-20% | 15%-20% | 15%-20% |
| Curacao | 34.5% | 13%-49.4% | 15.3% | 9.35% | 5% | 0% | 35% | 0% |
| Cyprus | 10% | 20-35% | 8.5% | 6.8% | 18% | 0% | 0% | 5%-10% |
| Czech Republic | 19% | 15% | 34% | 11% | 20% | 15%-35% | 15%-35% | 15%-35% |
| Denmark | 25% | 14.86% | 0% | 8% | 25% | 15%-27% | 0%-25% | 0%-25% |
| Dominica | 30% | 15%-35% | 7% | 4.75% | 15% | 15% | 25% | 25% |
| Dubai | 0% | 0% | 12.5% (UAE Citizens Only) | 5% (UAE Citizens Only) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Ecuador | 22% | 5%-35% | 11.15% | 9.45% | 12% | 0%-10% | 0%-22% | 22% |
| Egypt | 25%/40.55% | 10%-25% | 16%-17% | 9.5% | 0% | 0% | 20% | 20% |
| El Salvador | 25%-30% | 10%-30% | 9.5% | 4% | 13% | 5%/25% | 20%/25% | 20%/25% |
| Equatorial Guinea | 35% | 10%-35% (non-residents 10%) | 21.5% | 4.5% | 15% | 35% (non-residents 25%) | 35% (non-residents 25%) | 10% |
| Estonia | 21% | 21% | 33% | 2% | 20% | 0% | 0%-21% | 0%-10% |
| Ethiopia | 30% | 10%-35% | 11% | 7% | 15% | 10% | 5% | 5% |
| Faroe Islands | 18% | 35% | 1.87% | 1.87% | 25% | 18% | 0% | 0% |
| Finland | 20% | 6.5%-31.75% | 23%-25% | 0% | 24% | 20% | 0%/24.5% | 20% |
| France | 33.33% | 5.5%-45% | 50% | 20% | 20% | 30% | 0% | 33.3% |
| Georgia | 15% | 20% | 0% | 0% | 18% | 5% | 5% | 10% |
| Germany | 29.875% | 14%-45% | 19.7% | 20.6% | 19% | 25% | 0%-25% | 15% |
| Gibraltar | 10% (energy and utility companies 20%) | 5%-28% (gross income-based); 17%-40% (allowance-based) | 20% | 10% | 0% | 0% | 0%-10% | 0% |
| Greece | 26% | 22-42% | 28% | 16.5% | 23% | 0% | 33% | 25% |
| Grenada | 30% | 30% | 5% | 4% | 15% | 15% | 15% | 15% |
| Guam | 15%-35% | 10%-35% | 7.65% | 7.65% | 4% | 30% | 30% | 30% |
| Guatemala | 28% | 5%-7% | 12.67% | 4.83% | 12% | 5% | 10% | 15% |
| Guernsey | 0/10% | 20% | 6.5% | 6% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Hong Kong | 16.5% | 15% | 5% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 5%-16.5% |
| Hungary | 10%-19% | 16%-20.32% | 28.5% | 18.5% | 27% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| India | 30% (plus surcharge 5% and cess 3%) | 10%-30% (educational cess 3% of tax) | 12% | 12% | 12.5% (service tax 12.36%) | 0% | 20% | 10% |
| Indonesia | 25% | 5%-30% | 0% | 0% | 10% | 20% | 20% | 20% |
| Iraq | 15% | 15% | 12%/25% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 15% | 0% |
| Ireland | 25% (trading income 12.5%) | 20%-41% | 10.75% | 4% | 23% | 0%-20% | 20% | 0%-20% |
| Isle of Man | 0% (banks 10%) | 20% | 12.8% | 13% | 20% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Israel | 25% | 10%-48% | 6.5% | 12% | 17% | 25%-30% | 15%-25% | 25% |
| Italy | 27.5% | 23%-43% | 30%-34% | 9%-10% | 22% | 1.375%-20% | 12.5%-20% | 22.5% |
| Japan | 15%-25.5% | 5.105%-40.84% | 0% | 0% | 8% | 15.315%-20.315% | 15.315%-20.42% | 20.42% |
| Jersey | 0/10% | 20% | 6.5% | 6% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 20% |
| Kazakhstan | 20% | 10%-20% | 26% | 0% | 12% | 15%/20% | 15%/20% | 15%/20% |
| Kuwait | 15% | 0% | 11.5% | 8% | 0% | 0%/15% | 0% | 0% |
| Labuan | 25% (offshore trading company 3%; non-trading 0%) | 26% | 12.5% | 11.5% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Latvia | 15% | 25% | 24.09% | 11% | 21% | 0% | 5%-10% | 5%-15% |
| Liberia | 25% | 0%-25% | 3% | 3% | 7% | 15% | 15% | 15% |
| Liechtenstein | 12.5% | 21% | 11.55% | 10.55% | 8% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Lithuania | 15% | 15% | 32.6% | 9% | 21% | 15% | 10% | 10% |
| Luxembourg | 20%-29.2% | 15%-42.8% | 16.11% | 13.85% | 15% | 15% | 0% | 0% |
| Madeira | 5% | 11.5%-46.5% | 23.75% | 11% | 22% | 20% | 20% | 15% |
| Malaysia | 20%-25% | 2%-26% | 12.5% | 11.5% | 0% | 0% | 15% | 10% |
| Malta | 35% | 20-35% | 10% | 10% | 18% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Marshall Islands | 11.5% | 8%-12% | 7% | 7% | 2%-4% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Mauritius | 15% (offshore trading company 3%) | 15% | 6% | 3% | 15% | 0% | 15% | 0%-15% |
| Mexico | 30% | 1.92%-35% | 17.7% | 5.25% | 16% | 10% | 4.9%-40% | 5%-40% |
| Monaco | 33.3% | 0% | 6.15% | 6.15% | 19.6% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Montenegro | 9% | 9%-15% | 9.8% | 24% | 19% | 9% | 9% | 9% |
| Morocco | 10%-37% | 0%-38% | 6% | 3% | 20% | 15% | 10% | 10% |
| Netherlands | 20%-25% | 1.95%-52% | 5.7% | 19% | 19% | 15% | 0% | 0% |
| New Zealand | 28% | 10.5%-33% | 1.15% | 1.7% | 15% | 0%-30% | 15% | 15% |
| Nigeria | 30% | 7%-24% | 7.5% | 1% | 5% | 10% | 10% | 10% |
| Panama | 25% (energy, telecommunications, insurance, financial, mining and banking companies 27.5%) (offshore income 0%) | 15%-25% | 13.5% | 10.25% | 7% | 5%-20% | 12.5% | 12.5% |
| Poland | 19% | 18/32% | 22.14% | 13.7% | 23% | 19% | 20% | 20% |
| Portugal | 25% | 11.5%-46.5% | 23.75% | 11% | 23% | 25%-30% | 25%-30% | 15%-30% |
| Puerto Rico | 20% | 7%-33% | 7.65% | 7.65% | 7% | 10% | 29% | 29% |
| Qatar | 10%/35% | 0% | 10% | 5% | 0% | 0% | 7% | 5% |
| Ras Al Khaimah | 0% | 0% | 12.5% (UAE Citizens Only) | 5% (UAE Citizens Only) | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Romania | 16% | 16% | 28.45% | 16.5% | 24% | 16% | 16% | 16% |
| Russia | 20% | 13% | 30% | 0% | 18% | 15% | 20% | 20% |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | 0% (resident companies 35%) | 0% | 5% | 5% | 0% | 10% | 0% | 10% |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 10%-32.5% | 10%-32.5% | 4.5% | 3.5% | 15% | 0% | 20% | 20% |
| Seychelles | 25-33% (sole traders and partnerships 18.75%-33%) | 0% | 1.5% | 1.5% | 15% | 15% | 0%-33% | 15% |
| Singapore | 17% | 2%-20% | 16% | 20% | 7% | 0% | 15% | 10% |
| Slovakia | 23% | 19% | 34.8% | 13.4% | 20% | 0% | 19% | 19% |
| Slovenia | 17% | 16%-50% | 16.1% | 22.1% | 20% | 15% | 15% | 15% |
| South Africa | 12%/33% | 18-40% | 0% | 0% | 14% | 15% | 0% | 15% |
| Spain | 20-30% | 24%/45% | 29.9% | 6.35% | 21% | 21% | 21% | 25% |
| Sweden | 22% | 0%-25% | 31.42% | 15.49% | 25% | 30% | 0% | 0% |
| Switzerland | 8.5% (partnership and sole proprietor 0%-11.5%) (cantonal and municipal taxes 6%-24%) | 0%-11.5% | 5.15% | 5.15% | 8% | 0%-35% | 0% | 0% |
| Turks and Caicos Islands | 0% | 0% | 3% | 3% | 0% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| United Kingdom | 20-25% | 20-50% | 13.8% | 12% | 20% | 0% | 20% | 20% |
| United States – Delaware | 15%-39% (qualified personal service corporation 35%) | 10%-35% | 7.65% | 5.65% | 0% | 30% | 30% | 30% |
| United States – Nevada | 15%-39% (qualified personal service corporation 35%) | 10%-35% | 7.65% | 5.65% | 0% | 30% | 30% | 30% |
| Vanuatu | 0% | 0% | 4% | 4% | 12.5% | 0% | 0% | 0% |
| Virgin Islands | 35% | 10%-35% | 12.4% | 12.4% | 5% | 10% | 10% | 10% |
*The social security rates quoted in the table are the highest rates in each jurisdiction.
